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THE
BUILDING OF A CATHEDRAL
Guildford,
in view of its long and distinguished history, is worthy of a cathedral;
and when the scheme was first put forward, many of the local inhabitants
welcomed the idea and expressed their desire to see the cathedral
erected in the town, after the fashion of former days. Later, however,
the majority were in favour of having it built on Stag Hill, outside the
town.
Lord Onslow, to whom the site belonged, eventually gave it to the
Council, and a huge wooden cross was put up to mark the site where the
cathedral would eventually stand. Local
architects were asked to submit plans for the building, and Mr. Edward
(now Sir Edward) Maufe eventually designed the prize cathedral, his
services eventually costing £250,000.
With the outbreak of .war in 1939, all work on the project was
suspended, and it was not resumed until 1955, when Princess Margaret
unveiled the christening stone.
The site, Stag Hill, was once part of a vast Royal Forest which
stretched from Windsor to Guildford, and on this promontory the
Cathedral was erected in the shape of a traditional cross, the main
stave being formed by the Nave.
Beyond the High Altar is. the Lady Chapel, and flanking it, the
Sacristy and the Canada Chapel. On paper, the cruciform plan is not
immediately obvious, but from the model one sees that the subsidiary
parts are, all very much lower than the main building, which forms a
bold cross, standing up along the length of Stag. Hill.
The
architectural style is basically Gothic, built up by means of modern
methods, and much simple clarity so that a quiet and serene dignity is
the first thing that strikes the eye.
Inside
there is a complete contrast in the glowing beauty of the towering
arches leading rhythmically up to the High Altar with its Dossal; the
gift of the Royal Air Force Association. High above the Rose Window, in
brilliant colours, depicts the Seven Gifts of the Spirit.
The
main material used for the exterior is red brick, in fact they were
baked from the clay of Stag Hill itself. The vaulting and roof
construction are reinforced concrete, and the roof covering is copper.
The exterior stonework for the windows and copings is of Clipsham stone,
and the interior Doulting.
The
outstanding architectural features are the long vistas from the West
door to the High Altar, and from the West end of the side aisles to the
Sacristy and the Canada Chapel. The
total internal length is 365 feet, comparable to that of Exeter
Cathedral.
The
Nave is unusually wide, measuring 41 feet across, and the tower, when
finished, will be approximately 175 feet high, the mitre on the
flagstaff reaching to 200 feet. The Crypt under the Lady Chapel has been
used for Divine Services since 1947. The two pairs of bronze doors
which, between them, tip the scales' at 2 1/2 tons (given by Miss
Courtauld and Mr. Laurence Parnell) should be as good as new after a few
hundred years have passed.
The
Rose Window was designed by Moria Forsyth, who has previously designed
windows for Eton College and St. Columba's church in London.
The
Cathedral will seat about 1,700 people when it is completed, and the
Foundation Stone was laid by Dr.Temple, the Archbishop of Canterbury, in
1936, and twenty-five years later, on May 17th, 1961, it was consecrated
by another Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr. Fisher, in the presence of H.M.
The Queen and H.R.H. Prince Philip.
R.G.
Greenall, VI |